Mirtazapine Chewable Tablets
Mirtazapine
3.75mg
Chewable Tablets
Oral durg for anti-depressant treat weight loss and anorexia (loss of appetite) uesd in animals
Description:
Mirtazapine is an anti-depressant often used to treat weight loss and anorexia (loss of appetite), most commonly in cats and dogs. It also has antiemetic (anti-vomiting) and anti-nausea effects, and has been used to treat side effects of chemotherapy. Mirtazapine contains the following inactive ingredients: Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 400, PEG 3350, Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether, PEG-8 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides, Oleyl Alcohol, Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Dimethicone, and Dry Flo TS. The Molecular Formula of mirtazapine is: C17H19N3.The structural formula of Mirtazapine is:
Indications:
Mirtazapine is used in veterinary medicine for various indications, primarily in cats and dogs. Here are some common uses:
Appetite Stimulation
Anti-Nausea and Vomiting
Behavioral Disorders
Weight Management
Mirtazapine has proven to be a versatile and effective medication in veterinary settings, primarily for cats and dogs. Its ability to stimulate appetite, control nausea, and contribute to the management of behavioral issues makes it a valuable tool in veterinary medicine.
Dosage and Administration:
Mirtazapine Chewable Tablets. It may be given with or without food; however, if vomiting occurs when dosed on an empty stomach, give future doses with food. Mirtazapine Dosage and Administration in Veterinary Medicine:
For Cats:
Standard Dosage: The typical dosage for cats is between 1.88 and 3.75 mg per cat. This dosage is generally the same regardless of the cat's weight.
Frequency of Administration: Mirtazapine is usually administered once daily. However, depending on the individual cat's response and potential side effects, some veterinarians may recommend giving it every other day or less frequently.
For Dogs:
Dosage Range: The dosage for dogs varies more significantly and is usually based on the dog's weight. The common dosage range is about 0.1 to 0.3 mg per pound of body weight (or 0.2 to 0.6 mg/kg).Frequency of Administration: It is typically given once daily. However, the veterinarian may adjust this frequency based on the dog's reaction and tolerance to the medication.
Contraindications:
Mirtazapine is contraindicated in cats with a known hypersensitivity to mirtazapine or to any of the excipients.
Mirtazapine should not be given in combination, or within 14 days before or after treatment with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) [e.g. selegiline hydrochloride (L-deprenyl), amitraz], as there may be an increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
Warnings:
User Safety Warnings: Not for use in humans. Keep this and all medications out of reach of children. Wear disposable gloves when handling or applying Mirtazapine to prevent accidental topical exposure. Consult a physician in case of accidental ingestion by humans.
Animal Safety Warnings: Keep Mirtazapine in a secure location out of reach of dogs, cats, and other animals to prevent accidental ingestion or overdose.
Give this medication to your pet as directed by your veterinarian.
Adverse Reactions:
Mirtazapine Possible Side Effects
The most common side effects of Mirtazapine are related to application site reactions such as redness or irritation.
Other side effects include:
Drowsiness or sedation
Increased vocalization
Vomiting
Hyperactivity
Low blood pressure
Increased heart rate
An allergic reaction to this medication may present as difficulty breathing, hives or facial swelling
If you believe your pet may be experiencing any side effects of Mirtazapine, consult your veterinarian.
Clinical Pharmacology:
The exact mechanism by which Mirtazapine induces weight gain has not been clearly elucidated but appears to be multifactorial. Mirtazapine is an α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist nor-adrenergic and serotonergic antidepressant drug. Mirtazapine is known to be a potent antagonist of 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors in the central nervous system (CNS), and a potent inhibitor of histamine H1 receptors. Because Mirtazapine blocks 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors, only 5-HT1A- mediated serotonergic transmission is enhanced. Inhibition of 5-HT2 receptors may account for the orexigenic effects of Mirtazapine. Another hypothesis is that Mirtazapine induced weight gain may be secondary to changes in leptin and the tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) cytokine system. A study by Fernstorm (1995) demonstrated a reduction of the basal metabolic rate in patients treated with antidepressants in general.
Absorption and Distribution: Mirtazapine is well absorbed orally in animals. Its bioavailability and peak plasma concentrations may vary between species.
Metabolism: Metabolism of Mirtazapine in animals occurs primarily in the liver. However, the metabolic rate and pathways can vary significantly between species. Cats, for instance, have a slower metabolism for certain drugs due to differences in liver enzyme activity, affecting how they process medications like Mirtazapine.
Half-Life: The half-life of Mirtazapine in animals can vary. In cats, it's notably longer than in humans, leading to recommendations for less frequent dosing (sometimes every other day or less).
In veterinary medicine, the specific pharmacokinetic properties of Mirtazapine in the target species guide its use. Veterinarians consider these factors when prescribing Mirtazapine to ensure its efficacy and safety for each individual animal.
Storage Information:
This medication should be stored at room temperature between 20°C and 25°C or 68°F to 77°F and protected from light and moisture.
Generic medication and its counterpart to have the same active ingredients, strength, quality, route of administration, and safety standards.All of our products are produced in GMP factories, Your pet’s health is our top priority.
This summary contains important information about Mirtazapine. You should read this information before you start giving your dog Mirtazapine and review it each time the prescription is refilled as there may be new information. This sheet is provided only as a summary and does not take the place of instructions from your veterinarian. Talk with your veterinarian if you do not understand any of this information or if you want to know more about Mirtazapine.
What is Mirtazapine?
Mirtazapine is used in veterinary medicine primarily as an appetite stimulant and anti-nausea medication for animals, most commonly in cats and dogs. Originally developed as an antidepressant for humans, Mirtazapine has proven effective in animals for several reasons:
Appetite Stimulation: It is often prescribed for animals who are experiencing loss of appetite due to medical conditions, stress, or after surgery. It's particularly useful in cases where weight loss is a concern.
Anti-Nausea: Mirtazapine can help reduce nausea and vomiting, which is beneficial for animals undergoing treatments such as chemotherapy or those with gastrointestinal issues.
Mood Enhancement: Although it's not primarily used as an antidepressant in animals, it can have some positive effects on mood and behavior, especially in pets showing signs of anxiety or stress.
The medication works by blocking certain types of serotonin and histamine receptors, which can increase appetite and reduce nausea. It's known for its rapid onset of action, often showing results within a day.
What are the indications for Mirtazapine?
Mirtazapine is used in veterinary medicine for various indications, primarily in cats and dogs. Here are some common uses:
Appetite Stimulation: One of the most frequent uses of Mirtazapine in animals is to stimulate appetite. It's particularly helpful for pets with medical conditions that cause a loss of appetite, such as chronic kidney disease, cancer, or gastrointestinal disorders.
Anti-Nausea and Vomiting: Mirtazapine has antiemetic properties, making it useful in reducing nausea and vomiting in pets, which can be especially beneficial for animals undergoing treatments such as chemotherapy or those with gastrointestinal issues.
Behavioral Disorders: While not as common, Mirtazapine can sometimes be used to manage certain behavioral conditions in pets, particularly those related to anxiety or stress, due to its calming effects.
Weight Management: In cases where maintaining or gaining weight is a concern, such as with chronic diseases or recovery from surgery, Mirtazapine can be an effective aid due to its appetite-stimulating properties.
It's important to note that the use of Mirtazapine in animals should always be under the direction and supervision of a veterinarian. The dosage and duration of treatment can vary significantly based on the specific animal, its condition, and other individual factors. Vets will also monitor for any potential side effects and adjust treatment as necessary. The safety and efficacy of Mirtazapine in animals other than cats and dogs are less well-established, so it's used more cautiously in other species.
What are the side effects of Mirtazapine?
Mirtazapine, when used in animals like cats and dogs, can have side effects, although it's generally well-tolerated. The specific side effects can vary between species, but here's an overview of the most commonly observed ones:
For Cats:
Sedation or Increased Sleepiness: One of the most common side effects is a notable increase in drowsiness or lethargy.
Behavioral Changes: Some cats may exhibit changes in behavior, such as increased vocalization, hyperactivity, or agitation.
Increased Appetite: While this is often the desired effect, it can lead to overeating in some cases.
Hypersalivation: Excessive drooling is occasionally observed.
For Dogs:
Sedation: Similar to cats, dogs may also become more lethargic or sleepy.
Elevated Appetite: An increase in appetite is common, which is generally beneficial but can occasionally lead to overeating.
Gastrointestinal Upset: Some dogs might experience symptoms like vomiting or diarrhea, although this is less common.
What drug interactions should be noted when using Mirtazapine?
When using Mirtazapine in animals, particularly in cats and dogs, it's important to be aware of potential drug interactions. These interactions can affect how Mirtazapine or the other medications work, and in some cases, might lead to serious side effects. Here are some key interactions to be aware of:
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): Combining Mirtazapine with MAOIs (used for treating behavioral disorders in pets) can lead to serious complications like serotonin syndrome, which is characterized by symptoms like agitation, rapid heart rate, and high blood pressure.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): Medications such as fluoxetine (Prozac) used for behavioral disorders in pets, when combined with Mirtazapine, can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome.
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs): Combining TCAs with Mirtazapine can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome and may also lead to an additive sedative effect.
Central Nervous System (CNS) Depressants: Drugs that depress the central nervous system, such as sedatives, anesthetics, and opioid pain medications, can have their sedative effects enhanced when used with Mirtazapine.
Cytochrome P450 Metabolized Drugs: Since Mirtazapine is metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P450 system, it can interact with other medications that are also metabolized by this system, potentially leading to altered levels of either Mirtazapine or the other drugs.
Warfarin and Other Anticoagulants: There might be an interaction between Mirtazapine and anticoagulants, which could affect bleeding times.
It's essential to inform your veterinarian about any and all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, that your pet is taking before starting treatment with Mirtazapine. This allows the vet to consider any potential interactions and adjust medication plans accordingly for the safety and well-being of your pet. Regular monitoring and follow-up consultations are also important to ensure the safe and effective use of Mirtazapine in conjunction with other medications.
What if I miss giving my pet the medication?
Give the missed dose as soon as you remember, and then wait the recommended amount of time between doses. Never give your pet two doses at once or give extra doses.
Are there any risk factors for this medication?
Pets that are allergic or hypersensitive to Mirtazapine should not take it. Do not use in pets that have taken monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) in the past 14 days. Mirtazapine should be used cautiously in patients with liver, kidney, or heart disease, and a lower dose may be recommended for these cases. Pets with a history of leukemia, diabetes, glaucoma, difficulty urinating, low platelets, or any blood disease should use Mirtazapine cautiously, and blood test monitoring may be recommended. Use cautiously in pregnant or nursing animals.
Is there any monitoring that needs to be done with this medication?
Monitor your pet for side effects and for efficacy. As with any medication, your pet should be monitored for signs of an allergic reaction, such as breathing difficulties, hives, or facial swelling. Pets with a history or concern of blood disease should have blood work monitored regularly. Your veterinarian may also want to monitor liver enzymes.
What should I do in case of an emergency?
If you suspect an overdose or a negative reaction to the medication, call your veterinary office immediately. If they are not available, follow their directions in contacting an emergency facility.